A Disease Of Henrietta Lacks - Free Essay Example

Invading Doctors and Desperate Scientist Are doctors invading our body? When you go to the doctor you dont know what theyre doing all they tell you is youll get examined but they dont tell you exactly how. This happened to a young lady named Henrietta Lacks. They took a sample from her body and from there it was chaos. There were miracles but there was also devastation. It is essential to know what is going on in your body and also what doctors are doing to it. THE IMMORTAL LIFE OF HENRIETTA LACKS SUMMARY In the book The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks, a journalist and family go through a journey where they find out the importance of consent and their knowledge of medical complications. Part I: Life. Henrietta had a feeling there was something down in her cervix area. She would bleed on days that she wasnt on her menstrual cycle, she worried that this was something serious. She married her cousin day and had many kids. She later went to the doctor and was misdiagnosed with a tumor which ended up to be cancer. She did not tell any of her family about this she went back and forth to the hospital for treatment. The doctors took samples of Henriettas cancer cells without her consent and tested it against many diseases. Henrietta cells were the first ever human cells to ever survive under lab conditions perfectly healthy and reproduce. Henrietta was very fun, generous, and hard-working. She cared so much about her physical appearance especially her nails. Her cousin Sadie said that Henrietta would always keep her nails and toenails covered with fresh red nail polish. Henrietta was later hospitalized and the doctors did not allow her kids to visit her because it made her worry too much. Rebecca Skloot had contacted Deborah, Henriettas youngest daughter, about writing a book on her mother. Deborah was told to not tell Skloot any information so she had to go straight to the husband day but he did not want to give any information either. Later on, Rebecca got in contact with a woman named Courtney hello Courtney could not give much information she did show her an extraordinary documentary. Part II: Death. While collecting samples of Henriettas organs Mary, Geys assistant, sees the chipped nail polish on Henriettas toes and at that time she realizes that these cells come from an actual human being. Mary feels regret and remorse for this being because she can imagine her having fun and spending her time painting her toenails. A vaccine for polio was made with the help of Hela cells by Dr. Jonas Salk. Hela cells were then the first cells to be shipped by mail. Hela cells influence many things such as polio vaccine, cell cloning, a discovery that cells have 46 chromosomes, diagnostic of genetic disease, isolating stem cells, in vitro fertilization.   Henrietta family still does not know that her cells are still alive but there are still traces showing and hiding that Henrietta was a donor of Hela cells which makes Gey appear more as a villain. Deborah experiences awful abuse from Ethel and her husband Galen. Her children had moved to Lawrence and Bobettes but Galen still abuses Deborah. Bobette has convinced Deborah to stay in school and to fight off her cousins, Galen and Ethel. Chief of Urology at Sloan-Kettering Institute for cancer research injects people with Hela cells without their consent. Skloot writes that informed consent was not even a term until 1957 when a patient was paralyzed during what he thought was a routine surgery and successfully sued the surgeon. Stanley Gartler claims that Hela cells were contaminated, he finds a rare genetic marker called glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-A (G6PD-A)which was exclusively in Black Americans. Skloot has gone to Lawrences house and is asked what the Hela cells have done that is so important. skloot finally meets Sonny, Lawrence, day, and Babette in one visit. she talks about the history of John Hopkins and discusses two cases of racism. One is about a lead poisoning in the late 90s. George gay learned that he had pancreatic cancer he wanted to become a founder of an immortal cell line and help researchers but he was not able to with cancer he obtained. he still wanted to help science so he under many chemo treatments which nearly killed him. after his death, Howard Jones took another look at Henriettas biopsy and finally realize that her tumor was misdiagnosed. Part III: Immortality.   Tibet finds out from her friend the Henrietta cells are still alive. She runs home and tells Lawrence who calls John Hopkins to ask about his mother cells. After 22 years her family finally learns that the cells are not only alive but are also bought and sold for research. The Hopkins geneticist volunteered his barely English speaking fellow researcher, Susan Hsu, to get blood from the Lacks family. Hsu and day to have a lot of miscommunication about consent because of clashing versions of English. Deborah generally thought that they were taking her blood for a cancer test and even got her blood taken out a second time. Mckusick frightened Deborah with a summary of experiments that were done with Hela cells because he assumed that Deborah already knew about everything that was going on with the Hela cells. he had given her a text booked thinking that it would help answer Debras questions but the only thing she understood was that there was a famous picture of her mother in the textbook. McKusick has said that he doesnt remember meeting Deborah or where he got in the picture of Henrietta from. The Lack of boys was angry that people were making money off of Hela cells. They initially thought that Gey and Hopkins stole Henrietta cells so they can make lots of money but it wasnt right. the boys started a movement to get hairdo from Hopkins but Deborah just wanted to understand. Deborah has suffered so much on her mother she lost and has spell betrayal about Hopkins actions. zakariyya is out of jail and sleeping on a bench across from his fathers home. he blames day for Henriettas death, for leaving the kids with Ethel who is abusive. A book called A Conspiracy of Cells: One Womans Immortal Legacy and the Medical Scandal It Caused, is published in 1985 by Michael Goulds. Deborah is found reading this book and falls apart at the description of her mothers painful death. BREAST CANCER RESEARCH The cell cycle begins with the interphase, which is the longest part of the cell cycle. It comprises three parts G1 phase, S phase, and G2 phase. The cells begin in the G1 phase where the growth, creation of new proteins, and organelles happen. They then move onto the S phase where DNA is replicated. Last, cells move to the end of Interphase, where they head to the G2 phase where organelles and molecules are made for cell division. The cells then move to M phase(Mitosis) where chromosomes are divided evenly and relax. After the M phase, the nuclei (relaxed chromosome) and cytoplasm divide to create two daughter cells in the Cytokinesis Phase. The cell cycle is crucial because it helps for the growing and development of organisms. Although the cell cycle is essential for us, it can put our health at risk if the process happens too quickly.   Cancer is caused when the cells reproduce uncontrollably and do not respond to the signals. Abnormal cells can start growing in the milk ducts and break out into the nearest breast tissue, which is what happens during breast cancer. Once these cancer cells begin, they can move from your breast into other parts of your body like the bloodstream and immune system. Some symptoms of breast cancer can be a lump in the breast, bloody discharge from the nipple, and changes of shape to the nipple or breast. Once breast cancer spreads, it can irritate the skin, cause swelling and pain, weaken the body, and cause unintentional weight loss. Things we are exposed to in our everyday life or our surrounding environment can affect our risk of breast cancer. Factors such as Ionising radiation, Medical X-rays, Radiotherapy treatments, Shift work (working at night), stress can put yourself at risk to get Breast Cancer. You can also be the one to be putting yourself at a risk. For example, eating a poor diet, inactivity, obesity, heavy alcohol use, smoking, exposure to chemicals/toxins do not help you but causes you to put yourself in a higher risk to Breast Cancer. If you are a person who is healthy, watches themselves, protects themselves from radiation, you have a less chance of getting diagnosed, but if it runs in the family, there is still a chance you are at risk. The mutated genes copy itself and are passed on genetically to future generations. There are no ways to prevent breast cancer, but there are ways to lower your risk such as watching your health and being physically active. Other factors are limit/avoid alcoho l, breastfeed, dont smoke, and avoid exposure to radiation or pollution.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   There are many ways breast cancer is treated. The treatment depends on what stage of breast cancer the patient is in. Surgery, therapy, Medication, and even specialist are things people have to go through to cure their cancer. If you are in the early stages of breast cancer, it can usually be treated with medications, radiation, or therapy. But the later stages are treated with chemo, surgery, or even a specialist. The way doctors diagnose the cancer is by performing many exams. The exams comprise breast exams, a mammogram, a breast ultrasound, biopsy, or even an MRI scan. Those are the only way doctors can diagnose you and know what treatments are needed. About 1 in 8 U.S. women (about 12.4%) will develop invasive breast cancer over the course of her lifetime. Breastcancer.org. In 2018 an estimation of 266,120 cases of invasive breast cancer are diagnosed in women and about 2,550 cases of invasive breast cancer are diagnosed in men in the U.S. It is more common for women to be diagnosed with breast cancer. But men in their 60s or 70s are usually at a risk. As long as your body is healthy and there is no history of breast cancer in your family you are safe from being diagnosed. Although you can treat part of it, you still must be careful of what you do. Works Cited Skloot, Rebecca. The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks. Broadway Books, 2011. https://www.breastcancer.org/symptoms/understand_bc/statistics https://www.webmd.com/breast-cancer/guide/breast-cancer-men#1-2 https://www.cancer.org/cancer/breast-cancer/risk-and-prevention/can-i-lower-my-risk.html https://www.cancer.org/cancer/breast-cancer/treatment.html https://breastcancernow.org/about-breast-cancer/want-to-know-about-breast-cancer/what-can-cause-breast-cancer/other-risk-factors/environmental-factors-affect-risk-of-breast-cancer https://www.webmd.com/breast-cancer/guide/stages-breast-cancer#1 https://www.nationalbreastcancer.org/breast-cancer-stage-4 https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/breast-cancer/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20352475 https://cancer.org/cancer/breast-cancer/about/what-is-breast-cancer.html https://ww5.komen.org/uploadedFiles/_Komen/Content/About_Breast_Cancer/Tools_and_Resources/Fact_Sheets_and_Breast_Self_Awareness_Cards/What%20is%20Breast%20Cancer.pdf https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/breast-cancer/symptoms-causes/syc-20352470?utm_source=Googleutm_medium=abstractutm_content=Breast-cancerutm_campaign=Knowledge-panel https://www.healthline.com/health/breast-cancer/radiation-effects-on-body#2

My Philosophy on Physical Education Essay - 616 Words

My Philosophy on Physical Education Physical education should be a fun class, but fun does not have to mean chaos. I believe in a structure that will allow the students to have fun in a safe way. My lesson plans will be structured so that students are constantly engaged in physical activity. I feel that if I can keep students moving and learning, then the chances of misbehavior will decrease. In elementary school I feel that Instant Activities should be used to get students moving when they get into my class. High school is a little different. I feel that students at the secondary school level should be introduced physical fitness activities that will help keep them in shape later on in life. Physical†¦show more content†¦My class will be competitive to a point. I want students to compete hard in team games, but not to the point where too much pressure is put on them. Motivation is the key to accomplishing any task. I plan to use both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. The grade level of the class will determine what kinds of motivation strategies I will use. I do not believe in written work outside of class in my physical education class. Students are always bombarded with papers, problems, and reading. The occasional exit slip or written exam will be incorporated within my class, though. I want students to gain knowledge of sports, fitness, and their body. I believe that I am one of the few chances a student has to become interested in life-long activities. I want students to want to be physically active. I will show them the benefits of living an active lifestyle and try to incorporate ways that will always keep them interested in physical fitness. Community plays an important role in the development of the students. The community wants to know what there money is going to. There are also people who believe that physical education is a waste of their money and that high school students are too old for â€Å"recess†. I want to hold a physical education day that will enable anyone in the community to come in and see what the students are learning. I will try to set up a SaturdayShow MoreRelatedPhysical Education in Secondary Schools1149 Words   |  5 PagesPhysical Education In Secondary Schools My philosophy of physical education in the secondary setting deals with students becoming physically fit. Also that students learn how to communicate with others, especially in a team setting. My philosophy also holds in it different teaching methods. Methods that physical education teachers can use to get the most out of their students. With this philosophy of physical education I plan to use it toward becoming a good teacher. The major reason for havingRead MoreEssay on My Philosophy of Teaching999 Words   |  4 PagesPhilosophy of Education Throughout the history of education, there have been many different philosophical views. The views have varied from Platos The Republic, to Rousseaus Emile. Plato believed that the purpose of education was to create a perfect city-state, while Rousseau believed that the purpose was to develop people, who freely choose good. Both of these philosophies cooperate with my beliefs; however, my beliefs do differ in some aspects. Through my philosophies covering the natureRead MoreEssay about My Philosophy of Education1364 Words   |  6 PagesMy Philosophy of Education Generally when you compare twins you find that they are different in many ways. Even if they are identical and they look exactly alike they usually have different personalities. Normally they are extreme opposites; one takes up the more dominant outgoing personality while the other is shy and more of a follower. Ever since my sister and I were little I have taken on the more dominant role. From the time of playing school when I was little I have alwaysRead MoreEssay on My Personal Philosophy of Education1490 Words   |  6 Pages Philosophy of Education Relating my reasons for becoming a teacher was not a very difficult task for me; to accomplish this task I simply needed to reflect upon and describe some of my own personal experiences. I relied basically upon my memories and thoughts about my own educational experiences. However, describing my philosophy of education was much more difficult task for me to accomplish. First of all, before I could properly describe my philosophy, I realized I needed a workingRead MoreEssay about Philosophy of Physical Education868 Words   |  4 PagesPhilosophy of Physical Education The perspective of this paper is to develop a philosophy on physical education and then explain what kind of job we plan on having later on in life and relate physical education to that. The purpose for developing this philosophy is to try and get the most out of the people I’m working with on physical education, whether it is an adult or adolescent. Later on in life, I plan on being either a physical education teacher or an elementary education teacher andRead MoreMy Nursing Philosophy1264 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Every nurse’s philosophy develops through education and experience. As I reflect on my clinical experiences and nursing education thus far, I acknowledge that I have unknowingly developed a set of values, beliefs, and virtues that makes up my personal nursing philosophy. As I move forward in my nursing education, the values and beliefs that I have associated with a diverse patient population, health, the environment, and the role of the professional nurse will progress with me. TheRead MoreMy Teaching Philosophy Of Education1486 Words   |  6 PagesMy teaching philosophy of education is being able to recognise that all children learn in different and unique ways. I believe that all students should have a safe learning environment which enables them to grow physically, mentally, emotionally and socially. As a teacher, I aim to act as a guide for student learning and provide demonstrations and understanding to all students. More specifically as a physical education teacher, I aim to bring a positive and encouraging attitude to the students andRead More My Philosophy Statement Essay1177 Words   |  5 PagesMy Philosophy Statement In this philosophy statement you will not be reading the statement of a great philosophical mind, but of an education student who loves to work with kids and who tries to have the students best interest in mind. comparing and contrasting my views with the views of many of the philosophical giants throughout history I will discuss five topics: 1.) the nature of students, 2.) the nature of knowledge, 3.) the purpose of public education, 4.) the method of education,Read MoreEssay on My Teaching Philosophy594 Words   |  3 PagesMy Teaching Philosophy I want to become a teacher, not only for the fun and enjoyment that comes along with being a teacher, but because I want to make a difference in children’s lives. I want to become a Physical Education teacher, to teach children the importance of being physically fit and physically active. In edition to teaching the importance of being and staying healthy, I want to give the younger generation the opportunity to play sports. Through playing sports a child may feel aRead More Behaviorism and the Never-Ending Need for Discipline Essays1219 Words   |  5 Pagesdictionary defines education as â€Å"the act or process of training by a prescribed or customary course or study of discipline.† I, however, see it as much more. Education, in my perspective, is the greatest gift a human can receive. I want to be one of the many caring individuals that can give this priceless gift- I want to be a teacher. There are many current trends and philosophies when dealing with educatio n. Behaviorism, the philosophy of education in which I regard, will be incorporated into my classroom

Essay on Human Civilizations Diversity in the World

Diversity within this world is what makes every one of us unique in our own way. The different cultures of the world are the principle of various human civilizations, which we have come to recognize and accept on a global level. As one of the largest countries in the world and one of the four ancient civilizations, China bears many cultural traditions and scientific developments that are extremely imperative and influential. Many aspects of the Chinese’s rich and profound culture could be traced back many centuries ago through its written history (China Highlights, 1998). Geographically, a green gemstone called jade is found in Burma, Central America, Brazil, Canada and India. Although prized by many other civilizations, no other†¦show more content†¦A legend claims that when the Mongols invaded China, the dragons mourned for the Chinese people. When the tears reached the Earth, they changed to jade (Todd, 2010). Another myth that has been recounted for many centuries is about a man named He Shi Zhi Bi, or Bian, who found a piece of uncut jade in the mountains of China. He immediately presented the stone to King Li who asked a craftsman to examine the gemstone. The craftsman declared that the piece of stone that Bian had found in the mountains was only an ordinary stone, therefore the king decided to amputate one of Bian’s leg for dishonesty and being disrespectful. It was not until the ascendant of the throne after Li, asked his craftsman to carve the stone and discovered the beauty and delicacy of the jade gemstone (Sator, 2008). Fro m then on, jade is known as â€Å"bi† in Chinese and is known as a symbol of beauty to the Chinese people (Shan, 2014). Jade played an important aspect in Chinese life when it came to producing fine objects such as tools and other necessities that are vital. During the Shang Dynasty around the 1600s, jade was used for personal embellishment and ornamentation by kings, as well as for utilitarian and ceremonial objects. Jade weapons such as knives and dagger-axes were created from the exquisite gemstone for every day, personal use or defense. According to an article in the cultural China website, objects that are suffused with royal essence such as jade burial suits andShow MoreRelatedThe Paradox between Ecological Adversity and Human Civilation976 Words   |  4 Pagesthat exists between ecological diversity and human civilization, how this paradox acts as catalyst to monoculture, and how monoculture underscores the obesity epidemic occurring today. Further analysis of monoculture proves the practice a detriment to the environment. Specifics will be drawn from the relationship between humanity and cor n, as Zea mays has had a profound effect on human history. Complexity in nature acts as a limiting factor on not only the human species, but also all the speciesRead MoreOther Scenarios of Roderick Nash ´s Essay Island Civiliation628 Words   |  3 PagesNash’s essay entitled â€Å"Island Civilization: A vision for Human Occupancy of Earth in the Fourth Millennium,† Nash not only proposes the ideology of Island Civilization but also challenges readers to be informed of the rights of nature. Gaining insight on the options of preservation and nature from masterminds like John Muir, Henry David Thoreau, and Wallace Stegner. Nash devises a plan of action for Earth during the fourth millennium. Realizing the illustrate of our worlds â€Å"wilderness† Nash educatesRead MoreValue Pluralism and Absolute Moral Judgments Essay1565 Words   |  7 PagesShweder, in his â€Å"The Astonishment of Anthropology†, defends an anthropological relativism that stresses the importance of tolerance and moral diversity. Shweder†™s position allows for difference in moral opinion among different cultures. Terence Tanner’s anthropological view, in his â€Å"Human Rights, Human Difference†, is like Shweder’s in it appreciation for diversity, however Tanner calls for â€Å"transcultural† principles of justice or, allowing people to be different so long as they allow other to be differentRead MoreHowever, It Was Quite The Opposite. That Wasn’T The Only1501 Words   |  7 Pagesadvancement of the human race. Even within its own continent Africans were able to rule themselves despite the tens of thousands of different culture and ethnic groups. In fact, African Ornithologist, Dr. Steven Boyes (2013), in his article Getting to Know Africa 50 interesting facts, he has discovered that â€Å"before colonial rule Africa comprised up to 10,000 different states and autonomous groups with distinct languages and customs.† That’s an incredible amount of ethnic and cultural diversity. Africa hadRead MoreDiversity in American Culture and Civilization1759 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿ Diversity in American Cultures Background Historically there is no civilization or American culture. In the territory of todays America before the Spanish conquest, there were culturally heterogeneous societies, in broad regional shared, throughout its history and with a variable duration, the influence of common civilizational horizons. Introduction The extraordinary cultural diversity inherited from the original American cultures and of the Spain of the three great religions joinedRead MoreTechnology and Its Impact on Society1082 Words   |  5 Pagesits impact on society In this paper I will talk about the topic that technology will eventually destroy the entire civilization, since people are greedy and the revenge of nature. Technology s advantages and disadvantages are a subject of constant discussion. Those who are against technology have the opinion that technology harms people and will ultimately ruin human civilization. Threats to the environment are pollution, resource depletion, greenhouse gas, and nuclear power abuse. Those who findRead MoreCivilization Is An Essential Design1000 Words   |  4 PagesCivilization is an essential design. Civilization, to some extent is a prominent basis of cultural and technological progression. It is the rectification of thoughts and manners in society. Without civilizations, the world as we know it would not be. A civilization develops superfluous of things that help the people be a stable community. These build up an outline for the advancement and rise of the empire. Government is also existent in civili zations. Likewise, the Roman Civilization is an essenceRead MoreTechnology And Transportation During The United East And Europe1114 Words   |  5 Pages- World â€Å"getting smaller† due to constant development in technology and transportation. - Other nations can be affected by other countries actions from half way across the world because of rapid speed of communication. - Smaller world increases sameness/similarities between several countries, decreasing diversity. -Late 1990s, conflicts between Christians and Muslims led to American troops intervention. Ex: Japan enforcing rules for children to use chopsticks in 1984, Muslim leaders making religionRead MoreCivilization Is An Essential Design1000 Words   |  4 PagesCivilization is an essential design. Civilization, to some extent is a prominent basis of cultural and technological progression. It is the rectification of thoughts and manners in society. Without civilizations, the world as we know it would not be. A civilization develops superfluous of things that help the people be a stable community. These build up an outline for the advancement and rise of the empire. Government is also existent in civilizations. Likewise, the Roman Civilization is an essenceRead MoreSelect a Movie or Tv Show That Effectively Communicates the Cultural, Values and Norms of a Society That Is Different from Your Own Culture. Ideally, This Movie or Tv Show Would Be a Foreign Film with Subtitles. the1257 Words   |  6 PagesMany of these views are destined by world communities, however many frequentl y see the cases. The Story of India The Story of India is a six set series that tells about one of the world’s largest democracies and the rising economic giant. It explains how India is known for its mastery for computer technology, spiritual traditions, and its many armed gods. It shows how the surviving civilization dates back to pre-history. It shows how, like other civilizations, India has experienced several outstanding

Slavery, Black Wall Street - 2450 Words

Jacqueline Turner GWST Dr. Rago 4/26/15 In my paper, I will be discussing capitalism, slavery, â€Å"Black Wall Street† and â€Å"White Wall Street. Racism and capitalism are intertwined. In order to ever racially balance capitalism, we will need to eradicate racism. This affects all of us, no matter our race. Capitalism is often seen as a dirty word. Who holds the power when it comes to capitalism? White males have historically been the power holders, and they still hold it today. They are seen as the educated and innovative creators of businesses, organizations, and corporations, past and present. Are they really that creative, educated, and innovative, or are they the only ones that have really been afforded the opportunities to be so? Capitalism flourished in areas where there was already a split in labor due to gender. It flourished in Britian, and then in Europe and the United States of America. If we look back on the 19th century, white men were out working, while the white women were caring for the c hildren and the home. Thank goodness this has changed some. Oh, the women are out working, they just aren’t getting equal wages as the men. Slavery and exploitation of minorities fortified the white man’s status and position as far as power and economics. White men owned all the capitalist organizations, factories, railroads, and businesses. White men pretty much owned everything and ran everything. The 20th century was much the same as far as theShow MoreRelatedWall Street : A Symbol Of Economic Oppression And Racial Inequality1123 Words   |  5 PagesThis brings me to what I call â€Å"White Wall Street†. Wall Street today is still a symbol of economic oppression and racial inequality. Wall Street was founded on slavery to begin with. Wall Street is located in New York City. New York City was originally a Dutch settlement called New Amsterdam. The Dutch West India Company utilized slaves. These slaves built the actual wall that gives Wall Street its name. What a way to have a constant reminder of slavery in your face every day. Do people evenRead MoreA Black On Black Crimes Of The Tutsi And Tutsi Society968 Words   |  4 PagesYou know the severity of a problem with the black on black crimes of the Hutu and Tutsi society, when the opposite race has the authority to condemn the destruction of a civilization of similar African Americans. Take for instance in the movie Hotel Rwanda, the white character Pat Archer who is a health care worker. She is portrayed as a caring white woman who believes in equality and not division among people. In the film there is a scene where Paul asks her to go check on some refugee. She goesRead MoreOstracism And Discrimination953 Words   |  4 PagesDiscrimination in society has made America a nation where people are being killed for their skin color, where black people were considered property because they were black, where people that are different get bullied and viewed differently from ev eryone else. Our nation has always been far from being completely united. Even in today’s society, whites get a bigger advantage than blacks do in some areas. Sometimes, people would use extremely inappropriate remarks to people with a different skin colorRead MoreA Common Motif Of Mutual Death Essay949 Words   |  4 Pagesand death touches us all; linking our existence; linking the streets of St. Louis. â€Å"Separate is not equal† - Brown v. Board The legacy of slavery and Jim Crow was something I never understood or clearly saw as a child and teenager. As a young child I lived in the areas now more associated with the racist term â€Å"ghetto†. My parents tell me about the influence of gangs and crime that overcame their older neighborhoods. Then the idea of black and these neighborhoods became subconsciously and problematicallyRead MoreThe Protest Between Ferguson s Residents And The City s Government850 Words   |  4 Pagesregarding whether racism between police officers and high officials still exist and its effects towards african americans. But conflict between white and black individuals did not began in todays society nor was it any better before. Racism and abuse towards blacks dates back up until the late 16th century, starting from slavery. Slavery first began in 1619, when a dutch ship introduced the first captured africans to the new world. The ship docked in the north colony of Jamestown, Virginia. TheRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie Twelve Years A Slave 1170 Words   |  5 PagesSolomon survived was because he was well educated, and he knew when to show that he was well educated. Those who were uneducated believed what another slave said, or what their masters said, they had no knowledge of rules or what happened outside of slavery. Solomon refused to believe what other slaves told him or what his masters tried to bestow upon him. When Solomon went out with the men who were supposed to be some sort of band, I cannot say I fully trusted them as Solomon did. Even when he wasRead MoreThe Controversial Debate Of Reparations973 Words   |  4 Pagesmobs with nooses slung over trees,† president Obama. The case of Plessy v Ferguson allowed racial segregation of public facilities. This was later revised by the Supreme Court case brown v board of education. Or the untold historical event of black Wall Street in Tulsa, Oklahoma and many other similar events across the United States. Today African Americans are victims of multi-generational oppression, impoverishment and unjust enrichment. Some scholars agree these factors are directly correlatedRead MoreWoman Of Pride By Zora Neal Hurston1222 Words   |  5 Pageseach scene in the story. â€Å"How It Feels to Be Colored Me† dealt with a time period after slavery was abolished, but discrimination and segregation were still present in people’s mind s. Through humor, anecdote and metaphor, Hurston addresses her personal experiences as a Negro in the 1900s. Zora grew up in a â€Å"blacks only† town in Eatonville, Florida not being able to fully differentiate between whites and blacks as an adolescent, Zora displayed herself as a jester to the white people that would onlyRead MoreWhat Was The Overall Impact Of The Harlem Renaissance1110 Words   |  5 Pages21. Why is the Wall Street Crash of 1929 considered the beginning of the end of the Harlem Renaissance? The financial support of African Americans by rich whites came to end after the Wall Street Crash. 22. Who is the author of Their Eyes Were Watching God and when was it published? The author of Their Eyes Was Watching God is Zora Neal Hurston and was published in 1973. 23. What was the overall impact of the Harlem Renaissance? The Harlem Renaissance help to how American view African AmericanRead MoreNeo Slavery and Famous Journalist Douglas A. Blackmon 548 Words   |  2 PagesUniversity where he got his degrees in English. Throughout life his career has been mainly focused on the history of race and human rights. Blackmon has worked in a variety of places though out his career such as the Atlanta Journal Constitution, The Wall Street Journal, and in 2011 he joined the Washington Post. Blackmon had helped human rights movement by using his journalism and books to help bring certain issues to the public. His journalism has covered a variety of things from Barack Obama election

Swot - 1540 Words

SWOT and Strategy Evaluation: Fitness Centers Industry Amberly Locke PHL/320 September 14, 2015 Carolyn Harrison It today’s society, â€Å"going to the gym† has become a normal phrase heard around the world; however, the fitness center industry is not exactly in the spot light of today’s media and headline news. So, that sparks the interest of what makes the fitness center industry succeed, what are their strengths. What about the fitness center industry in the future; are there weaknesses that could ultimately cause them to fail as a whole? What about opportunities that could add to their success? Are there threats that lean on the shoulders of those managing such an industry? With all this curiosity, a SWOT analysis needed to be†¦show more content†¦Though, those â€Å"resolutions† soon fade away, and well, memberships are often times not renewed. The final weakness of the fitness center industry, is that of trend; again, it is no secret that in today’s society, it seems as if everyone is â€Å"going to the gym† and getting healthy, but what happens if or when that popular trend fades out? The external factors, the opportunities and threats, of the fitness center industry are where we find our strategic tasks and goals of the industry as a step toward the future. First, the opportunities of an industry are anything that is a possibility to improve and move that industry in to the future, all while giving competitive businesses an edge over the other to sway consumers one way or another. The opportunities of the fitness center industry mingle with the threats of the external environment they also face; however, with the right strategies and goals in place, both the opportunities and threats can hold an advantage and work in the industry’s favor. An opportunity that lies in front of the fitness center industry is that the current business of fitness is trending world-wide, it is a â€Å"get fit† society right now; with that personal trainers, group fitness courses, and children’s fitness courses are all opportunities to the industry. Alongside those, sales and marketing via the Internet,Show MoreRelatedSwot Analysis : Swot And Swot1081 Words   |  5 PagesSWOT Analysis: A SWOT analysis (SWOT matrix) first used by Stanford Research Institute during 1960-1970 and it was presented by Mr. Albert S. Humphrey a American business and management consultant by using data from fortune 500 companies. We can succeed in our life if we use our talents to our full extent. Similarly, we‘ll have some problems if we know our weakness are, and if we manage these weaknesses so that we don’t matter in the work we do. 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SWOT analysis is a planning and brainstorming tool that helps people evaluate an idea or project for a business or formulate a business plan (Harmon, 2015). It should be noted that SWOT analysis is an acronym for Strengths, Weaknesses, OpportunitiesRead MoreSwot Analysis : A Swot1708 Words   |  7 Pages A SWOT analysis is â€Å"a structured planning method used to evaluate the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats involved in a project or in a business venture.†(en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SWOT analysis, 03/11/14). A swot analysis can also be used to examine a person’s attributes. The strengths and weaknesses usually are internal factors whereas threats and opportunities are mainly external. Advantage Disadvantage Internal Strengths 1. Self-motivated 2. I am organised; accurate and pay attentionRead MoreSwot Analysis : A Swot852 Words   |  4 PagesStrength, weaknesses, opportunities and threats, commonly known as a SWOT analysis is used by businesses. Organizations use the SWOT analysis technique to figure out and understand their areas of strong suits (strengths), their inevitable flaws (weaknesses), prospects that the organization could look into (opportunities) and things that pose as intimidations to the organization (threats). There are many obstacles to overcome when it comes to international expansion. Obstacles such as; language andRead MoreSwot Analysis : The Swot1215 Words   |  5 PagesThe SWOT analysis was originally introduced by Andrews Christiansen, Guth and Learned in 1969 and its basic organizing principles have remained largely unchanged in the field of strategic management. [BADEN-FULLER, C. H. A. R. L. E. S., STOPFORD, J. (2002). The Firm Matters More than the Industry. Strategy for Business: A Reader, 1 23.] It is a systematic framework which helps managers to develop their business strategies by appraising their internal and external determinants of their organization’s

Observations of Chemical Changes free essay sample

All substances (matter with a definite composition) have characteristics that be used to identify them. These characteristics are referred to as properties. The properties of substances can either chemical or physical. Physical properties are those that do not change the chemical nature of a substance. Dying an Easter egg blue will alter the appearance of the egg not it’s make up. If the nature of a substance were to be altered then the chemical properties have been affected. A good example of a chemical change can be seen repeatedly in our textbook each time a chemical is oxidized. For more examples of physical and chemical substance properties see the map in figure 1. 1. Physical properties are quiet simple to calculate. Determining the solubility or boiling point of a chemical for example is pretty cut and dry. I think this is most likely due to the fact that physical changes do not alter the identity of a substance. Chemical changes, in my opinion, are not as easy to recognize as physical changes. Chemical changes are determined by how a substance reacts with one or more substances when forming compounds. These reactions are known as chemical reactions. (Plaster, Soil Science pg. 13) Not all chemicals will react when mixed with another chemical; while some chemicals can be explosive or toxic when mixed with other chemicals. In previous science courses (soil science and chemistry), and in every day life, I have learned there are â€Å"observable clues† that can be used as indicators of a chemical change. When I drop an Emergent-C tab into a glass of water it reacts by fizzing or bubbling quickly until dissolved. The bubbles are created from gas production. It drives me nuts when a restaurant offers Splenda instead of Sweet-n-Low as a sugar substitute because Splenda doesn’t completely dissolve (insoluble) decaffeinated iced tea. Some Splenda will remain suspended in my glass while some settles in the bottom of my glass. The tea and Splenda formed a compound, but the insoluble Splenda is called a precipitate or a double replacement reaction. (Brown, pg. 47) Ever mixed two clear chemicals together and the compound magically turned a different color. I learned quickly, during a lab about reactions in aqueous solutions last semester that a color change can be a good indicator of a chemical reaction. Prior to beginning my chemistry labs this semester I watched a Lab Paq safety video. The Lab Paq host reminded me that chemicals can react to absorb or give off heat. Temperature changes are classified as exothermic, heat/energy releasing or endothermic, heat/energy absorbing and are both chemical reactions. Figure 1. 1: Properties of Substances (Chang, Raymond, Chemistry, 13th Edition, 2013, McGraw Hill. and www. chemistry. about. com, accecced 9/18/2013) Physical Properties of a Substance Chemical Properties of a Substance Color, smell, and luster Heat of combustion Concentration, fluidity, flow rate Reactivity with water or other chemicals Freezing, melting, and boiling point pH Density, mass, volume Enthalpy of formation Distribution, area Toxicity Electrical conductivity Chemical stability Permeability Flammability Solubility Oxidation states II. Objective Use household products to observe and better understand the chemical properties associated with chemical reactions III. Materials ToothpicksSafety gogglesPaper towels Sheet of white paperWell-Plate-24Pipet, short stem Sheet of dark paperWell-Plate-96Household cleaning supplies IV. Chemicals Ammonia (aq), 1 M – 1 mLBromthymol Blue, 0. 04% 2 mL (in Pipet) Cooper (III) Sulfate, 0. 2 M – 2 mL (in Pipet)FDC Blue Dye #-1, 0. 01% 2 mL (in Pipet) Hydrochloric Acid, 1. 0 M- 1 mLLead (II) Nitrate, 0. 2 M 2 mL (in Pipet) Phenolphthalein Solution 1% 1 mLPotassium Iodine, 0. 1 M – 2 mL (in Pipet) Silver Nitrate, 0. 1 N 2 mL (Dropper Bottle)Sodium Bicarbonate, 1M 2 mL (in Pipet) Sodium Bicarbonate, 1 M – 2 mL (in Pipet)Sodium Hydroxide, 1 M – 1 mL Sodium Hypochlorite, 1% 2 mL (in Pipet)Starch Solution, 1% Stabilized – 2 mL (in Pipet) V. Experiment I will follow each step listed for each of the chemical combinations listed below (under step #4. Titled: Chemical Combinations). A different well of the 96-well plate will be used for each combination. Each chemical combination will be completed 3 times to watch for discrepancies, maintain consistency, and for observations to be made on my beige counter, on white paper, and on black paper. 1. Place 2 pipet drops of the first chemical into one well. 2. Add 2 drops of the second chemical into the same well. 3. Observe: Slide the light and dark sheets of paper (backgrounds) under the well-plate. Record the well-plate number of each mixture next to the coinciding observation 4. Once all combinations have been performed, observations have been recorded, and questions have been reviewed I will clean up. a) Dispose of leftover chemicals by pouring down them sink and flushing with water. b) Rinse the well-plate pipet. Use distilled water for final rinse. Dry the well-plate. d) Wipe down work area with soap and water and wash hands w/ soap water Chemical Combinations Data Table 1: Reactions Expected Well # Chemicals Qualitative Reactions Observed A (1, 2, 3) NaHCO? and HCl CO? No precipitate or color change B (1, 2, 3) HCl and BTB HCl is a strong acid should turn yellow, produces H3O+ ions C (1, 2, 3) NH? and BTB NH3 is basic should turn blue, produces OH- ions D (1, 2, 3) HCl and Blue Dye Not sure, HCl is a strong acid E (1, 2, 3) Blue Dye and NaOCl Not sure, NaOCl (learned about in soil science) it’s used in bleach, can purify water, inexpensive, soluble in water, oxidizing agent F (1, 2, 3) Kl and Pb(NO? )? K (group 1) soluble with I (group 17), Pb Nitrate soluble, K and Nitrates soluble, but Pb and I are an exception; their insolubility will create a precipitate G (1, 2, 3) NaOH and Phenolphthalein NaOH is a base, OH- ions will be produced, solution will turn pinkish- red H(1, 2, 3) HCl and Phenolphthalein HCl is an acid, H3O+ ions are produced, solution will remain clear A (10, 11, 12) NaOH and AgNO? Tried to work a ton of times, but still not sure how these two will react, OH- may precipitate with silver J (10, 11, 12) AgNO? and NH? According to our e-text NH3 is a weak electrolyte, should form NH4+ OH- ions, lab manual suggest patience during this test, causes me to think this reaction is slow, in 2 or more parts, or a reversing reaction K (10, 11, 12) NH? and CuSO? Sulfates ammonium are soluble, Copper will precipitate or be insoluble, H3O+ ions may be produced VI. Observations/Results *The reaction with the best background for observations is highlighted pale yellow Data Table 1: Reactions Observed (on my beige kitchen counter) Well # Chemicals Qualitative Reactions Observed A (1, 2, 3) NaHCO? and HCl CO? Immediate fizzing, Bubbling; translucent Liquid B (1, 2, 3) HCl and BTB Golden yellow at first, then orange color; translucent Liquid C (1, 2, 3) NH? and BTB Royal to deep blue, almost a has a hint of purple, 5 minutes later looked navy blue, translucent Liquid D (1, 2, 3) HCl and Blue Dye Emerald green color, swirls of dark green for first 10-15 sec. ; Opaque liquid E (1, 2, 3) Blue Dye and NaOCl No color change, no bubbles, no precipitate F (1, 2, 3) Kl and Pb(NO? )? Yellow opaque liquid, pale yellow precipitate G (1, 2, 3) NaOH and Phenolphthalein Dark radish red, almost fuchsia in color, no precipitate H(1, 2, 3) HCl and Phenolphthalein White precipitate, hazy liquid A (10, 11, 12) NaOH and AgNO? Fibrous brown baby pooh floating in the bathtub, settles after 3 minutes and brown color fades to grey J (10, 11, 12) AgNO? and NH? Every so slight fizz K (10, 11, 12) NH? and CuSO? Baby to Light Blue in color, cloudy liquid Data Table 2: Reactions Observed (WHITE Background) Well #/Question Chemical Reaction A (1, 2, 3) NaHCO? and HCl CO? Tough to see, but could hear it fizz B (1, 2, 3) HCl and BTB Golden yellow at first, then orange color; translucent Liquid, no precipitate or bubbles C (1, 2, 3) NH? and BTB Turned dark blue with a hint of purple, no precipitate or bubbles D (1, 2, 3) HCl and Blue Dye Swirls of dark emerald green worked through the solution, possible slight precipitate, no bubbles E (1, 2, 3) Blue Dye and NaOCl No visible change in color, no precipitate or bubbles F (1, 2, 3) Kl and Pb(NO? )? Yellow opaque liquid, pale yellow cloudy precipitate, started to settle within 10-15 seconds G (1, 2, 3) NaOH and Phenolphthalein Dark radish red, almost fuchsia in color, no precipitate H(1, 2, 3) HCl and Phenolphthalein Looks like a cup of sprite almost done bubbling or almost out of carbonation, Dark radish red, almost fuchsia in color, white hazy precipitate A (10, 11, 12) NaOH and AgNO? Murky water brown, with fine particles floating around J (10, 11, 12) AgNO? and NH? Hard to see on white paper K (10, 11, 12) NH? and CuSO? Very light to baby blue color change, white cloudy precipitate, no bubbles present Data Table 3: Reactions Observed (BLACK Background) Well #/Question Chemical Reaction A (1, 2, 3) NaHCO? and HCl CO? Layers of various sized bubbles throughout the solution, bubbles and fizzed upon contact with HCl, B (1, 2, 3) HCl and BTB Golden yellow at first, then orange color; translucent Liquid, no precipitate or bubbles, but appeared to lighten in color over time C (1, 2, 3) NH? and BTB Tough to see on black background, almost appeared black in color D (1, 2, 3) HCl and Blue Dye Tough to see on black background, almost appeared black in color E (1, 2, 3) Blue Dye and NaOCl No visible change in color, no precipitate or bubbles F (1, 2, 3) Kl and Pb(NO? )? Yellow precipitate chunks really popped on black, could see cloud forming, looked like a bomb exploding dust and debris up and outwards G (1, 2, 3) NaOH and Phenolphthalein Dark crimson red almost blackish-red with a hint of fuchsia in color, no precipitate H(1, 2, 3) HCl and Phenolphthalein Swirls of small foamy bubbles and a white precipitate forms causing the liquid to be hazy or opaque A (10, 11, 12) NaOH and AgNO? Thick gravy texture, brown sludge eventually settles to the bottom of the well J (10, 11, 12) AgNO? and NH? No color change, has a white precipitate that over time almost completely dissolves K (10, 11, 12) NH? and CuSO? Baby blue color change, white cloudy precipitate, form is easiest to see, clouds seem to dissolve slightly, but blue liquid is murky and opaque VII. Calculations/Errors Before beginning my chemical changes exercise I tried to determine the chemical changes and reaction products. Even though I couldn’t finish all of them it really helped me to know what to look for. Plus, I felt more invested in the lab and more aware of what may be happening chemically to the solutions. Chemical Chemical Equation (to the best of my ability) NaHCO? and HCl CO? NaHCO3 + HCl ? NaCl + CO2 + H2O HCl and BTB H+Cl- + C27H28Br2O5S ? H3O+ + Cl- + (unknown) NH? and BTB NH3 + C27H28Br2O5S ? NH4+ + OH- (unknown) HCl and Blue Dye H+Cl- + C37H34N2Na2O9S3 ? H3O+ + Cl- + (unknown) Blue Dye and NaOCl C37H34N2Na2O9S3 + NaOCl ? + + (unknown) Kl and Pb(NO? )? Pb(NO3)2 + 2KI ? PbI2 + 2KNO3 NaOH and Phenolphthalein NaOH + C2OH14O4 ? NaO2 + CO2 + H2O HCl and Phenolphthalein HCl + C2OH14O4 ? NaOH and AgNO? 2NaOH + 2AgNO3 ? Ag2O + 2NaNO3 + H2OAg2O AgNO? and NH? AgNO3 + NH3 ? NH4+ + OH- + AgO NH? and CuSO? NH? + CuSO? ? NH4+SO4- + Cu + OH- VIII. Discussion/Conclusion During the lab exercise I was given the task of observing chemical changes. I observed double replacement reaction, precipitation reaction, reactions between various chemicals with Bromothymol Blue and Phenolphthalein (acid/base indicators). In the e-text book, Chemistry: The Central Science (Twelfth Edition) , I learned about properties of acids and bases in chapter 4. I was able to use what I learned to aid in understanding what I observed chemically during this exercise. BTB or Bromothymol Blue (acid/base indicators – by color) Acids turned orange with a hint of yellow at the start of the reaction. Bases turned dark blue. Phenolphthalein (acid/base indicator – by color or lack of) Neutral and acidic solutions had no chemical reaction (color change) when combined with the phenolphthalein. Bases on the other hand turned as pink as a radish. Rate of Reaction I’m curious as to way some reactions take so much longer than others. I wonder if it has something to do with how strong of an acid or base it is, or something to do electromagnetic attraction of anions and cations, maybe solubility plays a big role. I’m uncertain what factor or factors determine the rate at which a reaction takes place, but I’d be an interesting topic to look into Knowing the rate of a reaction can aid in maintaining safety or enable one to speed up or slow down a desired reaction. I am now wondering all the possible benefits of knowing the rate of a reaction when it comes to soil and water remediation. Hmmmm†¦ Most importantly, I learned more about physical and chemical changes that could aid in the identification of unknown substances. I was able to practice the scientific method, write and predict chemical equations, get better acquainted with ionic charges (cations and anions), enforce what I learned in chapter 3 about replacement reactions, precipitates and more. I experienced first-hand the indicators that signal a chemical reaction is taking place (e. g. : gas evolution, heat/energy change, color change, and precipitate reaction). IX. Questions A. I could test for the presence of sodium hydrogen carbonate (sodium bicarbonate) in a household product by repeating one of test conducted early in the lab and comparing results. Test: 1. Place 2 pipet drops of the household cleaner into one well. 2. Add 2 drops of HCl (hydrochloric acid) into the same well. 3. Observe, waft smell, record 3. If bubbles are produced then CO2 gas was created and if a Clorox bleach smell is produced then I would assume sodium bicarbonate is present in the cleaner B. Phenolphthalein remains clear when testing an acid or a pH neutral substance and pinkish-red when testing a base. Bromothymol blue turns yellow when testing an acid, green when pH is neutral and blue when testing a base. I tested the household cleaning chemicals below, recorded my observations, and recorded my interpretation of the results. Data Table 2: Reactions Observed Well # Chemical Reaction Interpretation A 12 Windex BTB Dark blue in color, no precip. Windex is basic B 12 Dish Soap BTB Bright yellow color, Dish soap is surprisingly acidic C 12 Lysol Pheno. Light pink color, no precipitate Lysol is basic C. Suppose I found a sample of solution with a faint odor resembling vinegar. I then decided to verify the presence of vinegar by adding a few drops of phenolphthalein. The sample turned pink. I could assume the odor may resemble vinegar, but the sample does not contain vinegar. Vinegar is an acid. In earlier test, only bases turned pinkish-red when mixed with phenolphthalein. D. Using BTB (bromothymol blue), I selected five flavors of the new wave Vitamin Water to test their claimed pH neutrality. Three of the flavor-samples turn a murkey green when combined with BTB, indicating the likelyhood of acid/base (neutral) balance. Of the two remaining samples, one turns slightly yellow when combined with BTB, indicating the pH is most likely 6. 0 or slightly lower and more acidic then the first three samples. The fifth and final sample tested remained blue when combined with BTB, indicating the pH is 7. 6 or higher and is more basic then the first three samples. E. I devised the simple test below to confirm the presence of lead (Pb, an ingredient in Grecian Formula) in a new brand of hair tonic. Test To test the tonic for lead (Pb) I would combined a sample of Pb with potassium iodine (an acid). KI and Pb() react to form a precipitate when combined. If the hair tonic and potassium iodine react to form a bright yellow precipitate I could assume the tonic does indead contain lead. Background Knowledge (Includes: lead, aqueous reactions, precipitate, solubility, replacement reaction) Chemical Equation Pb(NO3)2(aq) + 2KI(aq) PbI2(s) + 2KNO3(aq) Double Replacement Reaction Pb2+(NO3-)2(aq) + 2K+I-(aq) Pb2+I-2(s) + 2K+NO3-(aq) Atoms like to have full valence (outer) electron shells with eight electrons. Depending on how full the valence shell of an element is determines its ability to attract another atom’s electrons. Ions are charged atoms which have lost or gained electrons. Cations are positive charged ions. While negative charged atoms are called anions. Ever heard the saying, â€Å"opposites attract†? Well, the saying is true in chemical reactions. The reaction between lead nitrate and potassium iodine is a double replacement reactions, Meaning the oppositely charged cations and anions â€Å"switch partners†. Net Ionic Equation Pb(NO3)2(aq) + 2KI(aq) PbI2(s) Group one potassium (K), iodine (I), and nitrates (NO3) are soluble in aqueous solutions. Lead (Pb) is soluble with Nitrates (NO3). However, Lead (Pb) is a not soluble with any group 17 elements (F-, Cl-, Br-, I-, and At-). Therefore, two soluble reactants combined to form one insoluble product: a solid bright yellow precipitate. G. During this lab exercise I allowed the chemicals NH3 and CuSO4 to react. The reaction produced a dark blue precipitate known as tetramminecopper(II) sulfate. The ammonia fumes have been known to waft from animal excrement and interact with nearby copper ammunition cartridges, damaginh the casing. Suppose a sample of this metal casing was collected from the site for analysis A researcher recorded the mass of a graduated cylinder filled with 10. 0 mL of water as 14. 1 g. (1mL = 1cm3 = 1g for pure H2O) Volume of H2O: 10. 0 mLMass of Graduated Cylinder: 4. 1 g She placed a chunk of the metal casing into the cylinder and recorded the volume as 11. 4 mL, its mass increased to 16. 6 g. Volume of metal chunk: 1. 4 mLMass of metal chunk: 2. 5 g Density = Mass/Volume or D= m/V in g/cm3 or g/mL D = 2. 5 g/1. 4 mL D = 1. 79 g/mL The density of the metal chunk is 1. 79 g/mL. H. Two pipette drops of each liquid in the table below were allowed to react for one minute. After reviewing the data recorded I can assume the unknown is NH3. I came to this conclusion because the unknown turned pale pink in phenolphthalein an indication it is a base with a pH above 7. 6. The unknown didn’t react with NaHCO3 indicating the substance must be soluble and relatively basic. The student could confirm their choice by testing the unknowns response to CuSO4. If the solution changes to baby blue and a cloudy precipitate forms then the student could assume the unknown is indeed CuSO4. Unknown Phenolphthalein The phenolphthalein turned the unknown pale pink. NaHCO3 No reaction seen Pb(NO3)2 White solid (precipitate formed) AgNO3 Nothing happened I. This lab exercise allowed me to observe several chemical and physical changes. It also improved my ability to recognize the difference between chemical and physical changes. Below I identified and explained some chemical and physical changes.

Themes Merchant of Venice free essay sample

The themes of Shakespeare’s plays are just as relevant to today’s society as they were in his day. Discuss making close reference to The Merchant of Venice. In The Merchant of Venice hate, loyalty, pride and prejudice, love and friendship are just some of the themes investigated with in the play. These themes, although were evident in the time of Shakespeare, are just as significant and universal today. Shylock, the Jew, explores most of these negative themes as in the play he is depicted as being driven by hate. On the other hand though characters such as Bassanio and Antonio are portrayed with the themes of positivity. Shylock and Antonio’s relationship is greatly complex, in that it has many issues that contribute to their affiliation of hate. They were business rivals. However, Antonios main business is that of a merchant, buying and selling goods and shipping them to other ports, whereas Shylock is a moneylender who makes money by charging interest on loans. We will write a custom essay sample on Themes Merchant of Venice or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This is not Shylocks job by choicethere were a limited number of jobs, which Jews were allowed to do, and this was one of them. However, Antonio has been lending money to people without interest, which cuts into Shylocks business. Its rather like having a business competitor move in and start giving away the goods you are trying to sell. Hes going to put you out of business. Antonio has other resources, which enable him to lend money gratis Shylock has not. On top of that, Antonio is rude and condescending to Shylock just because he is Jewish. This is stated by Shylock by asking Antonio’s friends â€Å"What is his reason? I am a Jew. † He may not be the rudest and most condescending person in Venice toward Jews, but the fact that he is lumps him in with the worst offenders in Shylocks mind. Shylock is the pure icon of hatred in the play. As we have previously found out Antonio hates him because he is a Jew. Shylock tells us of his discrimination by saying; â€Å"You spit on me Wednesday last, you spurn’d me such a day another time you called me dog†¦Ã¢â‚¬  In his aside he tells us again of his hate by testifying; â€Å"I hate him for he is a Christian†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Shylock continuously tells us of his hate and prejudice towards Christians, in particular Antonio. In general most of the hate in the play is the cause of racism and discrimination. The loyalty between Bassanio and Antonio becomes evident in the first act of the play when Antonio loans Bassanio a large sum of money and takes him on his word that he will repay it. From Bassanios words, we realize that this has taken place before, I owe you much, and like a willful youth that which I owe is lost, but if you please to shoot another arrow that self way which you did shoot the first, I do not doubt as I will watch the aim, or to find both or bring your latter hazard back again and thankfully rest debtor for the first. From this quote, it seems Bassanio has borrowed money to Antonio before and hasnt repaid the debts, and yet Antonio still loans to him again out of sheer loyalty to friends. Bassanio towards the end of the play returns ? this loyalty to Antonio when Bassanio races home from his Belmont to save Antonio from his debt to Shylock. Bassanio actually puts a quantitative value on his loyalty, But life itself, my wife, and all the world are not with me esteemd above thy life. I would lose all, ay, sacrifice them all Here to this devil, to deliver you. Bassanio actually offers to give over his own life and all of his loved possessions to save Antonio-his loyalty are greater than the repayment of the financial debt he owes to Antonio. As well as loyalty, Antonio and Bassanio have a very strong friendship on the verge of a bromance. Bassanios love life is the first thing Antonio brings up with Bassanio when theyre alone together in the play in saying; â€Å"Well; tell me now what lady is the same? to whom you swore a secret pilgrimage, ? that you to-day promisd to tell me of? † Maybe hes just one of those guys who likes to gossip, or maybe Bassanio has been on his mind. Bassanios new courtship seems likely to be the source of Antonios sadness, as its at the forefront of his mind. Antonio clearly cares deeply about Bassanio as a friend, and hes facing the fact that he might lose him to this woman. Bassanio says hes sharing with Antonio because theyre friend by saying; â€Å"To you, Antonio, I owe the most, in money and in love; and from your love I have a warranty to unburden all my plots and purposes how to get clear of all the debts I owe. † He makes explicit that he owes Antonio the most in money and love. It turns out that Antonio has been very generous with Bassanio, who has a hard time keeping his finances in order. This is our first hint that friendship might mean a different thing for Bassanio than it does for Antonio. Bassanio might just be working on Antonios affection in order to keep his purse strings open. Bassanios love life is the first thing Antonio brings up with Bassanio when theyre alone together in the play. Maybe hes just one of those guys who likes to gossip, or maybe Bassanio has been on his mind. Bassanios new courtship seems likely to be the source of Antonios sadness, as its at the forefront of his mind. Antonio clearly cares deeply about Bassanio as a friend, and hes facing the fact that he might lose him to this woman. As you can see the themes in The Merchant of Venice are as applicable to today’s society as they were back in Shakespeare’s time. Hate, pride, prejudice, friendship and loyalty are all very universal themes in both time and space. We learn about these themes mainly through Antonio, Bassanio and Shylock each representing their respective personalities. To conclude the themes that William Shakespeare uses in The Merchant of Venice are both evident in both our societies.